Ethical Standards of the American Educational Research Association Essay

Ethical Standards of the American Educational Research Association - Essay Example As the paper highlights   the American Educational Research Association (AREA) publishes a comprehensive set of ethical standards used to guide the work of educational researchers. This paper will examine three of the most pressing and relevant ethical issues that face educational researchers. One of the most important issues of research ethics is research honesty. According to AREAs standards, "Educational researchers must not fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent authorship, evidence, data, findings, or conclusions". While this may seem an obvious transgression of research ethics, researchers may be tempted to compromise results in the face of scarce resources. Researchers may be tempted to borrow data without giving proper credit, or falsify data that they intuitively believe to be true, without having accomplished the research. In addition, political or social agendas may drive the research and results could be skewed to reflect the particular point of view of the researcher. All of these cases place the research in question and bring harm to a vulnerable population of students. This paper stresses that another key component of ethical educational research is the expectation of anonymity and privacy. AREAs ethical code states, "Informants and participants have a right to remain anonymous. This right should be respected when no clear understanding to the contrary has been reached". In other words, all participants have the expectation of privacy and anonymity. The subjects do not have to request that their data or test scores remain private, the ethical standards assure it. If the researcher wishes to make the information public, they must seek explicit permission from the participant. To protect the individual from harm, and the researcher from liability, the issue of informed consent must be completely resolved.  

Jekyll and Hyde for Teacher Essay Example for Free

Jekyll and Hyde for Teacher Essay To begin with, both alter personas are of brutal and ferocious nature as they manifest disturbing evil intentions. Tyler Durden vandalizes property, craves annihilation, obliterates his own apartment, has full knowledge about all varieties of homemade explosives, and is brave enough to cause all kinds of chaos. Most prominently, Tyler, a follower of nihilism, founds â€Å"fight club†, a place for men to fight each other, feel alive, and ignite their inner rage. He expresses his nihilistic point of view in the following line: â€Å"It\s easy to cry when you realize that everyone you love will reject you or die. On a long enough timeline, the survival rate for everyone will drop to zero.† Hyde, a detestable man in appearance, tramples a young girl on the street and is responsible for the terrifying murder of Danvers Carew. Hyde was described by a maid to be â€Å"stamping with his foot, brandishing the cane, and carrying on like a madman† at the murder scene. Even more terrifying is the satisfaction he feels for his violent actions, that Jekyll later confesses to. Furthermore, the various characters that encounter Hyde are said to feel a deep personal hatred for him. Many dark adjectives, such as â€Å"evil† and â€Å"detestable†, are repeatedly used to describe him. As the story progresses, both Jekyll and The Narrator realize that what their alter egos aim to achieve is not what they desire. This belated sense of realization comes when Hyde commits a murder and Jekyll progressively comes to the conclusion that he is beginning to transform into Hyde, involuntarily, without the potion. However, The Narrator’s realization comes at the end of the novel when he discovers that Tyler is his own alter ego, that takes over in his sleep. Additionally, he realizes that fight club members are accountable for all the buildings that are being wrecked and all the people that are being killed with Tyler’s orders. The narrator tries cleaning up after Tyler, however, Jekyll does not try to right Hyde’s mistakes. The Narrator tries defusing a bomb and preventing the chaos caused by Tyler’s orders by convincing the fight club members to stop. However, his plan ultimately fails as the members are previously ordered by Tyler to not answer any questions or let anyone stop them. At this point, both characters lose control over their mind and body and have to liberate themselves from their demonic alters. In order to achieve that, The Narrator asks Marla to help him stay awake, which is not a permanent solution. Jekyll forages for a specific type of chemical, that he requires to make his potion and get rid of Hyde. However, he fails to obtain this ingredient. By the end, both Jekyll and The Narrator opt to commit suicide to end their life and by extension the lives of Hyde and Tyler. The Narrator states that â€Å"To god, this looks like one man alone, holding a gun in his own mouth†¦I’m not killing myself, I yell. I’m killing Tyler.† This destructive violence could be ideally explained through the lens of psychoanalytic approach.

Media Role in the Presidential Election Essay -- Politics Government

Analyzing elections The Medias rules of an election change the face of the election itself. They are, if you may, the gatekeepers of information, in a time where the information we get will form the issues of the election. If the news tells us tomorrow that the stock market dropped 410 points today but did not tell us that the U.S. embassy in Iraq was bombed then what do you think we will care about the most. Each channel of media has its own biased. Fox news is leaning toward the right and CNN is leaning toward the left. Its near impossible today to hear a news story or coverage without any spin. Old papa bear (Bill O'reily) says that his show is the no spin zone but is it really, even after he pretty much cussed out Barack and the king (Larry King) does the same to McCain. The media has so much power in society that they could pretty much could decide who will be the next president. Not only do they directly influence the opinion of voters but they also can decide on who to give the resources to or basically who they think is more likely to win. The media can be hostile to the candidate like they were to Howard Dean in 2004 or they can boost them like they did to Reagan. Obama has seemed to play this media like Babe Ruth plays Baseball, and McCain, well, he played them like Shaq plays soccer. Obama hit the hearts of many Americans as well as the media by tapping into their hearts and pulling out that desire to change. McCain preached this too but not till later in his campaign and he stayed in his parties guidelines when he did it. Obama went out of his parties guidelines in some ways and the media saw him as a nonpartisan contender (when he really was not). He gave many inspirational speeches in which the pu... ... of people did not see that McCain played the sex card but rather they were just happy to see a Woman in the white house. We do not really know who our candidates are and what they stand because the media is fixated on polls, controversy and spin instead of the issues. There were more stories about what Palin did today with her kids than what she wanted to do with foreign policy. One might say that media might have rigged this election for Obama because they always displayed his inspirational speeches while emphasizing on McCains bad side. However if you really look into it, the media actually never even talked about McCain and the Keating 5 scandal which could have ruined him. I don't really think the media rigged the election although they did influence many people. The media needs to stop focusing on controversy and entertainment and talk about the issues.

A History of Naan

The story of Naan begins many years ago in the imperial court of Delhi. The Sultan of ancient India in 1320 was Khusro Khan, or Nasiruddin, and he (like his predecessors) was used to fine dining. Chicken, peas, succulent soups and fruits were staples of royal feasting. When naan was introduced, it changed the way food was consumed. While the Sultan liked his food, he couldn’t keep the naan formula to himself. the fabulous recipe was bound to escape, bringing joy to even those that were not considered royalty.Soon, even the lowest of the low were indulging in the tasty treat. Information travels fast, and the news about naan was definitely no exception. Before long, many people of different countries were eating naan, and creating dishes to accompany it. The naan recipe made it’s way to North America with traveling immigrants, and from there its been passed down from generation to generation. Since the recipe made its way by mouth to mouth, every recipe is translated and made differently. Naan is leavened bread baked in a clay oven, originating from India and Southeastern Asia.The first record of its existence is from a journal from the 1300’s, and it wrote of it being served in the imperial courts of Delhi. The name Naan comes from new Persia, and is a generic word for bread. While naan is made of most of the things you find in traditional bread, but you also add yogurt or dahi, which makes the bread fluffier and lighter. After being carefully handled, it is put in a tandoori oven, which is a large clay pot that stands tall above the ground, and baked to perfection. This type of oven is designed to provide dry heat at a very high temperature; the temperature in a tandoori oven usually reaches 900Â °F.The kinds of naan are as vast as the number of years it has been served. The most common types you will find in a restaurant or grocery store are garlic and sweet naan. Naan is typically served with Indian food, but it can be used in everyday foods, or used as sandwich bread with different types of cheese and meats. While Naan is very popular in India and Southeastern Asia, it seems to have become a very widespread delicacy in the Western world. It is so popular, that it has been used in many different food related contests, and has been featured in the Guinness Book of World Records.The largest naan to be made weighed 20 lb 15 oz and was made by Loblaw Companies Limited in Brampton, Ontario, Canada, on 5 July 2008. The naan bread measured 9 ft 6 in x 3 ft 4 in. Indian restaurants have popped up in every country and state, making naan a staple in fine Indian cuisine. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate http://www. palkirestraurant. com/history-of-the-naan http://www. wisegeek. org/what-is-nann. html http://wordnetweb. princeton. edu/perl/webwn? s=naan http://www. wisegeek. com/what-is-a-tandoori-oven. htm http://www. guinnessworldrecords. com/records-1000/largest-naan-bread/

Swot Apple Case Study

While competitors do everything they can to keep costs down, Apple does what It can to make Its products deferent. In 2007, for the third year In a row, Apple was named as The Most Innovative Company by Businesslike. ; Strong leader. CEO Steve Jobs is â€Å"a legend for his design sense†. He is essential to the promotional aspect and public relations of Apple, especially when it comes to the pod. He is the â€Å"public face and champion of the brand†. He is also an expert when it comes to talking with the press, maintaining relationships with magazine editors, and creating new relationships.Jobs has the ability to think of Ideas that he is extremely passionate and energetic about and is always ready to share that idea to gain exposure. * Customer relationships (responsiveness to customer feedback). This ties into Steve Jobs' strong leadership as he takes action in response to customer feedback to show that the brand is listening and concerned. * Brand Exposure. Part of Apple's marketing strategy is Its retail stores. Apple has opened more than 200 retail stores located worldwide.Apple's retail stores contributed an estimated $200 million, 15 to 16% of Its profits during the past two years. The reasoning behind the stores is the belief that the more people can touch an Apple product and see also offer free group workshops, personal training, and personal assistance for Apple customers. * Strategic partnerships with well-known brands: Apple has created marketing agreements with Volkswagen of America, Burton Snowboards, Nikkei and Struck. This ties into consumer confidence as well as exposure through marketing partner advertisements. * Product design and features.Products that show superior qualities, that are easy to use and that have a high quality format, but mainly that show a clear product differentiation. * Strong financial performance: throng sales and potential growth, strong cash flows, an increasing net income, decreasing debt and controlle d inventory. Weaknesses * Profit per song is low: Even though tunes is simply used as a means to boost the sales of pods, phones and Apple TV's, Apple makes only approximately 10 cents per * Unpopular Apple TV features: users are not able to download a movie from song. Tunes directly to their TV; they have download it to their PC first. Apple TV requires a HDTV, but the movies that can be downloaded are of such low resolution that the picture looks fuzzy and old-fashioned, and lastly, it has no DVD drive. Hard time finalizing contracts with move studios because of pricing disputes. * Struggle with maintaining good supplier relationships. Many companies have expressed frustration working with Apple because Steve Jobs is very clear on his vision for his products and can tend to be controlling. Incompatible software in computer and digital music format. * 1% of the global cell phone business. Opportunities * Brand exposure through retail stores. * International growth and expansion. Ap ple is pursuing opportunities to sell the phone globally. It already has partnership agreements with cell phone carriers in France, Germany, and Great Britain. It has also entered the Middle East and Africa regions, ranking fifth next to Monika, Research In Motion, ETC, and Motorola.Apple is also trying to penetrate the Japanese market since it is one of the world's largest and most demanding mobile phone markets with almost 100 million mobile phone users. * Expansion in product line. Apple is trying to expand its product line to include media and software in addition to hardware. * Expansion in customer base. Apple is also trying to reach many different consumers rather than its traditional of tech- savvy consumers. Improvements in compatibility. * Improvements in strategic partnerships.Apple needs to search for more strategic partnerships and better its relationships with its suppliers so effective agreements can be reached. * Growth in new user segments Threats * Competitors' thr eats. Realizations sought a price war with Apple by dropping the price to $0. 49 per song and $4. 99 per album compared to Apple's price of $0. 99 and $9. 99 respectively. Realizations also launched technology called Harmony, which allows Realizations users to translate songs purchased from Relapse music to be played on Microsoft formats.Wall-Mart launched its own online music store and is currently the number one music retailer in the nation, followed by * Technology and entertainment industries are constantly and rapidly tunes. Changing so Apple has to find a way to keep its reputation related to innovative design. * Threat of start-up companies and competitors. The risk of new entrants is high in the player and music service businesses as well as in the mobile phone market, particularly from large, established consumer electronics companies, such as Cassia, Sony and Toshiba (for players) or from on-line companies like Yahoo andMicrosoft or retailers like Virgin Music (for downloa ds). Given the attractiveness of these markets, new competitors are likely to enter because of low barriers to entry. The notable acceptance and profit made by RIM's Blackberry demonstrate the potential of new entrants to increase rivalry. Due to the success of the phone and the Blackberry, other producers will undoubtedly attempt to imitate their appealing features and functional applications in order to create customer value and compete effectively with their own smart phones.In addition, Apple's exclusive use of Cingular/AT;T does not prevent the phone service provider from entering potentially harmful agreements with the company's competitors, such as its threatening relationship with rival Palm. * Apple's dominance and relative power in the music industry (as well as Jobs' reputation for control) may build resistance among film producers who are accustomed to maintaining their own levels of control over content. * Price sensitivity.The company's entrance into the mobile communi cations industry with the introduction of its phone has placed Apple in another highly competitive industry, where several large, well-funded, and experienced competitors operate. Price sensitivity on the part of consumers is very strong, and rivalry is especially fierce in this market. * A close look at Apple's competition reveals that the company is confronted by aggressive opposition in all areas of its business.The markets for consumer electronics, personal computers, related software and peripheral products, digital music devices and related services, and mobile communication devices are intensely competitive. They are characterized by rapid technological advancements, which have substantially increased the abilities and use of PC's, digital electronics, and mobile communication devices. As a result, a variety of new products with competitive price, feature, and performance characteristics are being introduced into the marketplace. Price competition in Apple's main product mark ets has been particularly fervent. Continuous downward pressure on Apple's margins as it is common for competitors selling personal computers based on other operating systems to aggressively cut prices and accept lower product margins to gain or maintain market share. * Other than price, key competitive factors in the computing market include product treasures, relative price/performance, product quality and reliability, design innovation, availability of software and peripherals, marketing and distribution capability, service and support, and corporate reputation.As the industry and its customers become more reliant on Internet connectivity, alternative (even substitute) devices are becoming increasingly smaller, simpler, and less expensive than traditional PC's. These devices compete for market share with Apple's desktop and content providers to offer integrated solutions that produce more value or exclude Apple from access to content.